The structures making up the floor of the pelvis may be weakened and so lead to prolapse where the womb or uterus falls down into the vagina and the bladder and rectum also fall into the vagina.

All these symptoms can either be reversed or prevented by taking oestrogen supplements, but this is an area of considerable controversy. Oestrogen can prevent the development of osteoporosis, if given from the onset of the menopause, and also prevents the changes in the vagina.

Several years ago, it was being hailed as the “youth pill” and it was claimed that, if women took it from menopause until the end of their lives, it would stop them showing the signs of age.

Unfortunately, oestrogen has been shown to increase the risk of developing cancer of the body of the womb and should not be given to those with few symptoms but should be reserved for those who are distressed by their menopause.

Of course, if a woman has had a hysterectomy, or removal of the womb, there is no risk of cancer of this organ and the drug may be given for longer periods.

*142/71/1*

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